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Describe the similarities and differences between ultrafiltration in the kidneys and the formation of tissue fluid.

Both are processes which involve the filtration of small molecules (such as water, glucose, amino acids) out of capillaries, while larger molecules, proteins and cells (such as red blood cells) remain in the...
MG
Answered by Mollie G. • Biology tutor
26433 Views

Please explain the pathway of blood in the mammalian heart.

Blood enters the right side of the heart through the vena cava. In Humans this is divided into what we refer to as the superior and inferior vena cava. These terms essentially mean the top and bottom vena ca...
KC
Answered by Katie C. • Biology tutor
3379 Views

Explain how sucrose is transported from the phloem to the sieve tube element. (5)

Protons are actively transported using ATP out of the companion cell into the cell wall , creating an electrochemical gradient. These protons then re-enter the cell by facilitated diffusion through a co-tran...
SW
Answered by Sally W. • Biology tutor
21901 Views

Aspartic Acid and Proline are both part of the 20 basic amino acids. Describe their similarities and differences in terms of their properties.

As we know there are 20 fundamental amino acids used for protein synthesis. Both Aspartic Acid and Proline are such amino acids. They are composed of the typical amino acid carbon skeleton (R-CH-COOH) and of...
DA
9684 Views

Describe how a vaccine results in the production of antibodies against a disease causing organism.

The vaccine contains parts of the pathogen that are recognised by the immune system, these are called antigens. The antigen is recognised by innate immune cells such as macrophages that will engulf the patho...
AC
Answered by Anna C. • Biology tutor
2831 Views