Top answers

Describe how a vaccine results in the production of antibodies against a disease causing organism.

The vaccine contains parts of the pathogen that are recognised by the immune system, these are called antigens. The antigen is recognised by innate immune cells such as macrophages that will engulf the patho...
AC
Answered by Anna C. • Biology tutor
2760 Views

Describe how a non-competitive inhibitor works to inhibit the activity of an enzyme.

Non competitive inhibitor binds to allosteric site of the enzyme (does not bind to the active site of the enzyme). This binding alters the tertiary structure of the protein meaning that the active site of th...
AC
Answered by Adam C. • Biology tutor
8012 Views

John begins to exercise and his heart rate increases - explain how and why his heart rate increases

His heart rate increases as his cellular demand for oxygen increases and the amount of carbon dioxide in his blood increases, this is due to an increase in the rate respiration because of increased ATP deman...
SM
Answered by Sian M. • Biology tutor
3441 Views

Enzymes are proteins. Antarctic fish may have different structure of enzymes to non-antarctic fish. Explain how their enzyme structure may be different.

Enzymes would have different sequence of amino acids and therefore different primary structure. This would result in different shape of a protein ie their tertiary or, if present, quaternary structure.
DR
Answered by Daria R. • Biology tutor
6324 Views

How is ATP generated via the electron transport chain?

Electrons travel down the electron transport chain via electron carriers at successively lower energy levels. This causes protons to be pumped into the intermembranal space, establishing an electrochemical p...
LC
Answered by Leo C. • Biology tutor
3193 Views