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We start with aluminium (Al). Al conducts electricity in both solid and molten states, this is because Al has metallic bonding between fixed positive Al^(3+) ions and delocalised electrons. The delocalise...

‘Ionisation energy’ is the term used to describe the amount of energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom to form a positively charged ion. It is usually represented by the unit kJ/mol, meaning it...

The number of moles is related to the amount of a substance we have. If we were to use the number of particles, the numbers would be huge and impractical to use. So, Avagadro's number provides us a link w...

There are 5 main factors that affect the rate of reaction. 1. Concentration: Increasing the concentration increases the frequency of collisions between particles. 2. Surface Area: Increasing the surface a...

Same molecular formulas, but bonded in different ways. So by this I mean that 2 molecules could have the same formula but have a different structure, they have bonded together differently.