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Eutrophication occurs when nitrate fertilisers are carried by ground water into lakes and ponds. The fertliser encourages algal growth in the water, which in turn blocks out sunlight. This causes submerge...

Hydrogen Bonding occurs between 2 adjacent molecules of H₂O.

The polar covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen creates negative and positive partial charges respectively.

There ...

Lumen sizes in blood vessels differ due to the differing functions of the vessels themselves.

Arteries have to carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues at high pressure. Small lume...

The nerve impulse arrives at the synapse. This triggers vesicles to release chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) into the synapse. These chemicals diffuse across the synapse and bind with membrane rece...

You always start with the sun which gives its every to grass which is a producer of energy. The arrow in the food chain, therefore, travels in the direction the energy travels in  (in this case from the s...