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For a chemical reaction to occur the reactant particles must collide with each other with the correct orientation and they must also have a minimum energy necessary for the molecules to successfully react...

Covalent molecules such as oxygen and ozone absorb different ranges of UV light mainly due to differences in the types of bonds that make up their structure. It is therefore useful to first consider the L...

First, we have atomic and ionic radii which, as the name suggests, refer to the size of the atom, or the ion in the latter case. Radii increase as you go down a group (i.e. Halogens), since the number of ...

The size of atomic radius increases down the group but decreases from left to right across the period. Atomic radius is defined by the distance of protons in nucleus to surrounding electron shells. Mainly...

This is a simple moles equation and the method with any moles equation is find the number of moles of something, use the chemical equation to work out the number of moles of the thing you need to find and...