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Aorta --> systemic circulation [branches in order: coronary artery (to supply the heart), carotid artery (to supply the head), hepatic artery (to supply the liver), mesenteric artery (to supply the gut...

• Thin alveolar walls for O2 and CO2 to travel through - To travel across the membrane, gases have to be dissolved, so the alveolar walls are moist - Large surface area to volume ratio allows for maxi...

There is genetic diversity within the population. Random mutation can occur, forming new alleles of a gene. Though many mutations are harmful, in certain environments the new allele may benefit its posses...

The hydrolysis of ATP provides the energy necessary to break the cross-bridges formed between actin and myosin heads. The hydrolysis of ATP is also used to provide the energy for the power stroke, which i...

ATP is short for adenosine triphosphate, and it can be thought of as the energy 'currency' in our cells. It has a similar structure to that of an RNA nucleotide, as it is comprised of a nitrogenous base (...