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Biology
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How does a vaccine lead to the production of antibodies and why does this provide immunity?

Vaccines are designed so that they contain antigens - for example viral antigens from the virus we wish to protect against. When these are injected they are recognised as foreign by white blood cells call...

EJ
Answered by Emily J. Biology tutor
13310 Views

What is the equation for photosynthesis and what is the product used for?

Equation: carbon dioxide + water ---(with light energy)---> glucose + oxygen Glucose is the important product of the photosynthesis reaction. Some of the glucose is used in respiration to provide energ...

IR
Answered by Isabelle R. Biology tutor
19635 Views

What is crossing over?

Crossing over is a process that happens during meiosis and results in genetic variation in gametes. It happens between prophase and metaphase. Pairs of homologous chromosomes lined up next to each other t...

EB
Answered by Erin B. Biology tutor
29028 Views

What are the similarities and differences between photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Both processes operate on the same basic principle; passing electrons down a chain in order to create a proton (H+) gradient, allowing the formation of...

GM
Answered by Gloria M. Biology tutor
40373 Views

Explain the causes and consequences of sickle cell anaemia (5)

Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a point mutation, exchanging adenine for thymine in the DNA codon CTC. This causes a change in the mRNA to GUG, which results in a change in the polypeptide sequence durin...

AS
Answered by Anna S. Biology tutor
12105 Views

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