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When blood glucose concentration rises above its optimum level of 90mg/100cm³, it is detected by β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. These β-cells release insulin into the bloo...

Alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans (pancreas)

mRNA stands for messenger RNA. Essentially, once the strand of DNA is unwound and flattened, it is separated into its two strands. Then the bases on each DNA strand are read in groups of three. These are ...

Normal adult haemoglobin is primarily comprised of 2 alpha and 2 beta subunits and foetal haemoglobin has 2 gamma subunits instead of the 2 betas. Now what this does is increase the binding affinity of th...

When we breathe we inhale oxygen from the air into our lungs. The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lung where oxygen diffuses into the blood via small blood vessels, known as capillaries. The blood in the...