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Unlike unmyelinated axons, myelinated axons are surrounded by an insulatory myelin sheath produced by Schwann cells. Because of this insulatory sheath, action potentials cannot occur along the entire leng...

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted from the pituitary gland stimulates egg maturation and oestrogen secretion from the ovaries. Oestrogen in turn inhibits FSH release and stimulates luteinising h...

Vaccination involves administering a dead or inactive form of a pathogen to a subject, which stimulates white blood cells into producing antibodies specific for that pathogen. If the subject encounters th...

Viruses are generally smaller than bacteria and are not living, whereas bacteria are considered as living species as a prokaryote. Viruses have no cytoplasm, cell membranes or cell wall and instead have a...

Mitosis is a process associated with organism growth, and it involves a tetraploid cell dividing to give two genetically identical diploid cells. Meiosis is the process by which gametes are formed, and it...