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A nerve impulse in the sarcoplasmic reticulum causes calcium ions to move out of it into the muscle cells where it binds to tropmyosin/troponin causing it to move and reveal the actin filament. The myosin...
The cell membrane consists of a double layer of phospholipids, with proteins floating in it. Phospholipids are a type of molecule with a phosphate head, and fatty tails, which form a double layer around t...
The way a simple virus invades a cell is with double stranded DNA replication. The virus has a coat of protein covering the DNA, once bound to the side of the cell the virus releases the DNA where it is t...
Realised and fundamental niche are two different environmental conditions in which species exist in an ecosystem. The fundamental niche is the range of environmental conditions in which a species is techn...
The function is to move the respiratory medium (air or water) over the respiratory surface; to maintain the concentration gradient. In mammals, the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles are responsible fo...
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