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A reflex action is an automatic rapid involuntary response, which acts to protect the body from damage. Such as when you touch something extremely hot, you involuntarily remove your hand from the hot o...

An enzyme is known as a biological catalyst. This is because they can speed up reactions by providing an alternative pathway, lowering the activation energy of the reaction. They are normally composed ...

Background knowledge

DNA - carry the genetic code that determines characteristics of an organism

Chromosomes - made...

The myelin sheath is a layer of insulating, fatty material that encases some neurones. The sheath is composed of Schwann cells that have gaps called nodes of Ranvier between them. Potassium and sodium ...

There are four methods of enzyme immobilisation: adsorption, covalent bonding, entrapment and membrane separation.

Adsorption involves mixing the enyzme with an immobilsing support so the...