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·      Changes in genotype (genetic evolution via natural selection) have lead to cultural evolution in humans by promoting intelligent behaviour

·      L...

Incompleteness of the Fossil Record

▪       Fossilisation is an exceptionally rare occurrence that requires an unusual combination of special condi...

A polymorphism is the occurrence of two or more clearly different phenotypes within the same population of a species - it reflects the effects of more than one allele in the gene pool

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·      Sound travels as pressure waves in the air which push the membrane of the eardrum, causing it to vibrate. The degree of vibration will vary according to the frequen...

Generation of a Resting Potential

▪       The sodium-potassium pump (Na⁺/K⁺ pump) maintains the electrochemical gradient of t...