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What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

In genetics, traits such as eye colour, sex and skin colour are carried in genes. Taking eye colour as an example, you will have a gene located somewhere within a chromosome encoding for eye colour. This gen...
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Answered by Andrea D. • Biology tutor
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How does the lac operon work?

The lac operon has 3 components: the promoter (Binding site for RNA polymerase), the operator (binding site for the repressor) and the structural genes that code for the enzymes required for lactose metaboli...
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Answered by Elena B. • Biology tutor
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Describe and explain some of the direct and indirect effects of carbon dioxide on organisms?

Carbon dioxide only comprises 0.04 % of the earth’s atmosphere but it is a vital molecule in many processes and effects organisms directly with photosynthesis in plants, body functions causing global warming...
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Answered by Katie D. • Biology tutor
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Explain these 3 terms in relation to cells and osmosis: isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic?

These 3 terms all describe the 3 possible concentrations of a solution in respect to the water potential surrounding a cell. Isotonic solution (Iso=same and tonic=strength) is where the extracellular fluid h...
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Answered by Katie D. • Biology tutor
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What are the main components and properties of a plasma membrane?

A plasma membrane is composed mainly of an unordered phospholipid bilayer (double layer) embedded with membrane proteins which forms a thin flexible sheet. This gives the membrane several general properties ...
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Answered by Katie D. • Biology tutor
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