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1. Write down the equation: ZnSO4xH2O --> ZnSO4 + xH2O 2. Calculate the masses: 3.51g --> 1.97g + 1.54g 3. Calculate the number of moles, using the molar mass of water and zinc sulphate: 1.97g = ...

Entropy (S) is a measure of disorder in a system. Any process, in this case a chemical reaction, is said to entropically favoured if the overall disorder in the system increases. This is usually when ther...

Atomic radius increases down a group in the periodic table. This can be explained by a phenomenon called electron shielding. As the number of electron shells is increased down the group, the attraction be...

PH3 is not hydrogen bonded whereas NH3 is hydrogen bonded. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of covalent bonding.

The atomic radius of the elements decreases from sodium to argon. This is because the number of protons increases (sodium has 11, argon has 18) so the nuclear charge increases. Therefore, the attraction b...