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There are three crucial steps in balancing redox half equations, which, when mastered, allow any two half equations, no matter how to complex, to be easily balanced. First, we balance the electrons, by de...

Marks awarded for mention of outer most shells of electrons, shielding effects along side distance from nucleus of respective atoms as well as increased positive charge due to increased number of protons ...

This is a question that relates to the topic of differentiation. Typically students encounter this topic near the end of the first term of the first year of their A Level.The equation of the curve, y = si...

Proteins have three or four levels of structure, in increasing complexity. Primary structure is the sequence of amino acids that the protein is made up of; secondary structure is either alpha-helices or b...

Binding Energy is the Energy released or used when an Atom is formed or broken respectively Difference in Binding Energy = 0.9 Mev 235 nucleons in 1 atom of Uranium235 x 0.9 Mev = 211.5 MeV per Event 210 ...