Describe the structure of the cell membrane

The cell membrane is made up of something called the phospholipid bilayer. This is exactly what it sounds like:a hydrophilic phosphate head on the outside and a hydrophobic lipid on the inside. 

They form a bilayer as the hydrophilic head faces outwards as it attracts to water, a second phospholipid does so in the other way, meaning there is a phosphate head facing into the cell and out of the cell.

The bilayer is also intermittently filled with proteins, these can be proteins that are on the outside surface, perhaps acting as extracellular receptors, or inside where they act as intracellular receptors, or scaffolding proteins that give the cell shape. You can also get transmembrane proteins that span the whole bilayer, an example of these could be protein channels.

Furthermore there are also glycoproteins and glycolipids that are important in cell recognition.

Cholesterol is also found in the bilayer, this makes it less fluid, but more flexible and strong.

I would also normally support this with a diagram! 

TW
Answered by Thomas W. Biology tutor

5857 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

Explain how mRNA is formed. (6 marks)


Describe the process of translation.


Using Fick's Law, explain how rapid gaseous exchange takes place in a mammal


In a DNA molecule 28% of all bases found were Adenine. What are the remaining bases and their percentages in this molecule?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning