Vaccines have become an effective way to prevent certain diseases, however for some viruses it is difficult to develop a vaccine. Describe possible difficulties of developing a permanent vaccine for the influenza virus.

The influenza virus has a very high mutation rate. This means that its surface proteins (antigens) will change. Since a vaccine contains a specific antigen, if the virus switches to a different antigen, then the vaccine will no longer be effective. 

Furthermore, antibodies produced by the body would not be able to recognise, and bind with, the changed antigens. 

Many viruses also damage the host's immune system. This means that, even if they received an effective vaccine, their body may not be able to produce sufficient antibodies to overcome the infection.

NL
Answered by Nancy L. Biology tutor

2630 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

What is the role of ATP in a cell?


Describe and explain how the secretion of ADH affects urine production in the kidneys (4 marks)


Describe the process by which an action potential is propagated across a cholinergic synapse


How do i approach a long answer question in order to gain full marks?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning