Vaccines have become an effective way to prevent certain diseases, however for some viruses it is difficult to develop a vaccine. Describe possible difficulties of developing a permanent vaccine for the influenza virus.

The influenza virus has a very high mutation rate. This means that its surface proteins (antigens) will change. Since a vaccine contains a specific antigen, if the virus switches to a different antigen, then the vaccine will no longer be effective. 

Furthermore, antibodies produced by the body would not be able to recognise, and bind with, the changed antigens. 

Many viruses also damage the host's immune system. This means that, even if they received an effective vaccine, their body may not be able to produce sufficient antibodies to overcome the infection.

NL
Answered by Nancy L. Biology tutor

2726 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

What is the electron acceptor used in photosynthesis


What precisely is autoregulation in the kidney? Is it solely the ability to vary the diameters of the afferent and efferent arterioles? If so how is this controlled?


What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?


Describe action potential and how it allows for signals to be transmitted along neurons.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning