Devise a simple synthetic route to an amide from a carboxylic acid. Give a mechanism for the final step and explain why the reagents are not added 1:1 in the final step
1st step: SOCl2 or PCl3 to form an acyl chloride, which is now significanlty more electrophilic based on leaving gorup abiliity, hence an amine can now attack the acyl chloride to form the amide, where as adding an amine and a carboxylic acid would have just completed proton transfer.
2nd step: RNH2. Mechanism to be drawn on board, attack the carbonyl, remove proton, kick out chloride.
Problems with final step is that the conversion will create HCl in situ, which will acidifiy the base and make it an inert nucleophile, so add excess of amine to remove the HCl
EB
Related Chemistry A Level answers
All answers ▸Why are zinc and Scandium not transition metals?
Given is a following reaction at equilibrium: N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇄ 2NH3(g), ΔH < 0. What will be the effect of changing the following conditions on the system? 1. Increasing pressure. 2. Decreasing temperature. 3. Adding a catalyst. 4. Adding HCl(g).
How do you convert between different SI units, for example, nmol to mmol?
Name the reagent and explain the process of 1-bromoethane into propanoic acid