what are the adaptations of a neuron to make it transmit signals faster?

A typical motor neuron is adapted in a few key ways to make it transmit its signal faster. For one, some neurons are myelinated, this allows the signal, or depolarised region, to jump from one Node of Ranvir to another rather than having to travel across the whole neuron, thus increasing transmission speed. Moreover, the diameter of a neuron has a part to play in the speed of impulse transmission. A wider diameter will mean that there is a greater area for more NA+/k+ pumps, which are what are used to cause the action potential. Furthermore, there is less leakage from a larger axon and there is less resistance so a better conductance of the impulse. Then there's also temperature which is another factor. The higher the temperature the faster the impulse is transmitted because particles have a higher kinetic energy so the region of depolarisation travels faster.