Explain how transcription of genes occurs

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of the cell.The enzyme DNA helicase catalyses the 'unzipping' or splitting of the two DNA chains in the region of the gene by catalysing the breaking of the hydrogen bonds holding the chains together.RNA polymerase catalyses complementary mRNA nucleotides to form a complementary strand with the exposed bases. mRNA bases are ACGU rather than ACGT as in DNA.The mRNA then leaves the nucleus to carry the information of how to make the protein coded by the gene to the ribosomes. Each gene codes for the formation of one protein.The mRNA is a very small molecule and so can pass through the nuclear pore into the cytoplasm to travel to the ribosomes.

VT

Related Biology GCSE answers

All answers ▸

What is the process of natural selection?


Muscle cells from the stomach have a characteristic tear-drop shape with a grainy cytoplasm containing mitochondria and a nucleus. Describe the function of these cells in the wall of the stomach


Two snails belong to the same species. Yellow shelled snails found in grassland areas, dark shelled ones in woodland. Shell colour determined by genes. Explain how natural selection could have caused this distribution of snails


Describe the similarities and differences between simple and facilitated diffusion?