I have trouble remembering which muscle contracts and which muscle relaxes during the Iris reflex; could you explain it to me?

The first thing to remember is that muscles always act in pairs; so when one contracts, the other relaxes. Think of the muscles in your arm; when you bend your arm towards you, the bicep contracts so becomes shorter; while the tricep relaxes so becomes longer. In the eye the two types of muscle that control the pupil size are the radial muscles and the circular muscles. The radial muscles are like a radius, so connect the pupil to the iris; while the circular muscles are like a circle, and so are orientated around the pupil. Therefore in bright light, when the pupil needs to be smaller/constricted so less light goes into the eye; the circular muscles would need to contract (to make the pupil smaller), and because muscles work in pairs, the radial muscles would therefore have to relax (and become longer). In dim light the muscles would act in the opposite way.

SK
Answered by Sumayya K. Biology tutor

33229 Views

See similar Biology GCSE tutors

Related Biology GCSE answers

All answers ▸

a) What is the function of the atrioventricular valves? b) When the ventricles are contracting, are the arterioventricular valves open or closed? c) Explain why the muscle walls of the atria are thinner than the walls of the ventricles.


Describe homoeostasis using temperature control as an example.


Explain the process of osmosis giving an example of why it is important for cell function.


Briefly describe how a vaccine works.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning