How is Marxism present in Miller's 'Death of a Salesman'?

Marxism is integral to Miller's 'Death of a Salesman' and his belief that the "common man is as apt a subject for tragedy in its highest sense as kings were". In the play, Miller presents the pernicious exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoise to which the working class are blind due to Marx's concept of 'false consciousness'. This is emphasised at the beginning of Act 2 where Howard is characterised as an emotionless capitalist when Willy asks for a position in New York through his response "business is business". The use of the idiom demonstrates the lack of compassion that bourgeoise business owners possess towards their workers, even those who have been dedicated employees. With Howard displayed as being more focused on the small loss of money by putting Willy back on base commission, rather than Willy's personal wellbeing highlights how he views him as a cog in the capitalist machine. This perception is further exemplified by Miller in the requiem through Linda's emotive rhetorical question "Why didn't anybody come?". Howard's lack of presence at Willy's funeral suggests the lack of appreciation the bourgeoise have for the proletariat as well as how the working class are blind to this in their state of false consciousness. Miller creates pathos for Willy through his mislead and deluded belief that his "funeral will be massive", emphasising the extreme contrast between the ideals and reality of capitalism in the requiem.

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Answered by Ciara H. English Literature tutor

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