Proteins are made according to information stored in the DNA structure of genes. Describe the structure of DNA and how DNA determines the structure or proteins-

DNA is made up of nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Nucleotides are attached together through bonds to form two long strands that spiral to create a double helix. Subsections of DNA - so called genes- carry the code for specific proteins. This code is copied by mRNA which leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome. In the ribosome amino acids are bound together to build proteins. The order of bases in the mRNA code determines the order in which amino acids are linked together in the ribosome. The resulting amino acid chains undergo further adjustments, such a folding, but the chain is the base structure of the protein. Therefore, the DNA code determines the base structure of proteins.