Explain the difference in reactivity between benzene and phenol with bromine?

Phenol reacts with bromine at room temperature with no catalyst as the hydroxyl group activates the ring by donating a pi electron. This donated electron increases the electron density of the ring hence allowing it to polarise a Br2 molecule and create a partially positive Br which can undergo nucleophilic attack.Benzene does not react with bromine on its own and requires a halogen carrier (FeBr3). This is because the ring is not activated and can not polarise bromine on its own. The halogen carrier reacts with bromine to create a bromine cation which can more easily undergo nucleophilic attack and allows a reaction with benzene.

RL
Answered by Reece L. Chemistry tutor

10937 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

I do not understand Le Chatelier's Principle - please help!


Define the term 'first ionisation energy' and explain why the first ionisation energy shows a general increase across period 2


Describe how to test for and identify halide ions in a solution.


Define ferromagnetism, paramagnetism and diamagnetism, and determine whether the following complexes a) AgCl b) [Fe(CN)6]4- c) [Mn(CN)6]4- d) Co(H2O)6Cl2 are ferromagnetic, diamagnetic or paramagnetic giving a full justification for your reasoning.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning