How do you integrate (2x)/(1+x^2) with respect to x?
The key here is to recognise that this is in the form f'(x)/f(x). We can use the idea that integration is the inverse of differentiation, and the knowledge that the derivative of ln(f(x)) is equal to f'(x)/f(x). In this case f(x)=1+x^2, so we have that the integral of (2x)/(1+x^2) is equal to ln(1+x^2)+c.
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