Search over 10,000 free study notes

A mutation is a change in the base sequence of DNA. A mutation can be caused by a mistake during replication of DNA or by mutagenic agents. Mutagenic agents include chemicals that can act as bases or r...

Concentration of NaOH=Concentration of OH- ions (NaOH is a strong base)

Kw=1x10^-14 (at room temperature/25 degrees)

using Kw=[H+][OH-]

We can figure out the [...

Optical isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism which includes a chiral carbon. This means the pair of molecules have the same structural formula but the four different groups around the carbon atom are...

Transcription is the process of making DNA into mRNA. DNA first has to be transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), this mRNA can then be translated into a protein (amino acids). DNA Polymerase (an enzyme...

For IB short answer questions, the command term is almost as important as the content of the subject itself. Here, "explain" highlights to you that an in depth answer with examples is require...