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pH: All enzymes have an optimum pH value which is very specific. This is because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions have very significant changes on the tertiary structure of an enzyme, whi...

Once honey is added to an infected cut, the osmotic gradient favours water moving from the bacterial cells to the honey. This is because the water potential is lower in the honey. As a result of the loss ...

(draw/picture of nerve cell with its ion channels and after learning about the action potential trace and how it's derived) After each action potential, see on the trace there's a refractory period where ...

It has to do with the structure of the ATP synthase protein. The part in the centre moves 120 degrees with each prototon that passes through. This makes the 3 ATP/ADP binding sites to change shape. Each o...

Chanege in base sequence= change in sequence of triplet codes= change in sequence of amino acids= change in primary structure= change in hydrogen/ionic/disulfide bonds= change in tertiary structure= chang...