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There are 3 key stages in filtration through the Kidney:

1. Firstly, blood is pushed through a tubular structure called the glomerulus - imagine a bowl of noodle...

At rest the membrane potential is -70mV.

This is due to the  Na⁺/K⁺ pump, which actively transports 3 Na⁺ ions out of th...

A nerve impulse travelling down a motor neurone causes the release of acetylcholine from the synpatic knob into the synaptic cleft. This then diffuses across the synaptic cleft down its concentration grad...

Proteins are made up of organic molecules called amino acids. There are thousands of different proteins with diverse functions: storage, transport, structural support, cellular communi...

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell secretes large substances (such as digestive enzymes or hormones) that have been produced inside the cell.

Substances produced inside the cell are...