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The pancreas is located in the central abdomen and is responsible for a variety of endocrine and exocrine functions. Its endocrine (into blood) functions include the release of insulin (to control blood gluc...

The high concentration of glucose in the blood is detected by the pancreas. Beta cells in the pancreas secrete insulin and the alpha cells cease production of glucagon. The insulin binds to specific receptor...

Mitosis is the process somatic (normal body cells) use to divide. Two diploid (full set of chromosomes) daughter cells are produced from one diploid cell. In order for this to occur, the cell must replicate ...

Cholera works by releasing a toxin in the lumen. It causes chloride channels of the intestinal epithelial cells to open which in turn causes cholride ions to move along its concentration gradient into the lu...

The heart muscle is myogenic , which means that it can contract without any input from the nervous system. The stimulus for the muscle to contract originates from a group of specialised cardiac cells, the si...