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Melting point decreases going from lithium to sodium because sodium is lower down group one therefore it has a greater number of shells. A greater number of shells means a greater atomic radius - a greate...

The nitrogen atom in both NH₃ and NH₂^- has 8 outer shell electrons. In NH₃, 3 pairs of these electrons are used in covalent bonding to hydrogen atoms and the re...

A racemic mixture contains a 50-50 mixture of two optical isomers. Optical isomers are identical in molecular structure but rotate the plane of polarized light in different directions (one rotates clockwi...

There are three reasons that suggest the former is not formed:The first Reason is average bond length, this is calculated that each c-c bond is in between the length expected of a c-c and a c=c bond sugge...

The arrows represent the movement of a lone pair of electrons. For example, if a mechanism involves an oxygen atom forming a bond with a proton (hydrogen ion), then the oxygen would ‘donate’ a lone pair t...