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Transition elements have 3d orbitals with the same energy level however when molecules/ligands form dative covalent bonds with a metal ion, the electron repulsion causes the 3d orbitals to split into lowe...
An exothermic reaction involves an output of heat, so heat is lost overall. This would mean that boiling and melting are definitely not exothermic as they involving putting in heat. Free...
This is a calculation which students often find tricky. One fail-safe method for doing this calculation is considering E cell = E (reduced) - E(Oxidised). A more positive electrode potential means that a ...
The 1st ionisation energy is defined as the energy required to remove the outermost electron from one mole of gaseous atoms, forming one mole of gaseous 1+ ions. Moving from left to right the proton numb...
Ammonia is based off a tetrahedral shape, the central Nitrogen atom has 4 valence (outer) pairs of electrons, 3 in covalent bonds with Hydrogen atoms and one "lone pair" which are not bonded. Th...
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