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The main role of white blood cells is to protect the body against invasion by disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens), such as bacteria or viruses. They do this in 2 main ways: phagocytosis and antibod...

Glycogen levels are expected to increase in the liver after a meal. This is due to the digestion of the meal leading to an increase in blood sugar levels, triggering insulin release from the pancreas. Ins...

Enzymes are proteins, which are made up of long chains of aminoacids. Proteins have a primary structure (the sequence of aminoacids in the chain), a secondary structure (specific 3D shapes of the chain fo...

Diffusion is the movement of gases across a partially permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration and is important to allow the movement of substances across cell membranes. For ex...

Our heart can be divided into a left and right side, each containing two chambers: an atrium and a ventricle. Low pressure blood flows into the atria and is pumped out of the ventricles (high pressure); t...