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For transmission across the synapse to be initiated, an action potential must arrive at the pre-synaptic knob and open voltage- gated ion channels. Once the channels are open, calcium ions are able to dif...

Amino acids are made up of an amine group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen and a variable group (often noted as R) all bound to one Carbon. These amino acids can bind to one another by the amine group and th...

When attempting an essay question like this it is important to pull together topics from different areas of the course. Start by writing a quick plan including 5 relevant topics that you feel confident ta...

Facilitated diffusion - the movement of substances down a concentration gradient via a membrane protein.
Active transport - the movement of substances against a concentration gradient which requires ...

The process of cell division in human tissue cells is called mitosis. Before the cell begins to divide, it grows and duplicates all the sub-cellular structures like ribosomes and mitochondria. Inside the ...