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The small intestine has many adaptions that help effective absorption to take place. Firstly it is very long, meaning there is a lot of time for nutrients to be absorbed. Secondly it has villi which are f...

Optimum pH for enzymes in the human body is 6. It's a bell shaped Graph. At Higher or lower pH, the alkalinity/acidity denatures the enzyme, which changes the shape of the active site, and so the substr...

All living things need food to survive. However, plants cannot nip down to tesco to buy themselves a pizza, instead they make their own food. This process is called photosynthesis. Plants take in carbon d...

DNA is much longer than mRNA and forms a chromosome, whereas mRNA is much shorter; corresponding to a single gene. DNA is structurally different; it is usually found as a double helix and contains the bas...

Neurons are required to send messages at high speeds over long distances. For example, reflex reactions occur in the order of fractions of seconds, and some neurons carry messages over 1m in distance.Acco...