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Transcription is the process by which a section of DNA acts as a template for the creation of a complementary mRNA strand. mRNA is needed for the creation of a polypeptide.
An enzyme called DNA heli...

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems tend to have opposite effects on the organs which are innervated by their nerves. The Sympathetic NS innervates organs via the sympathetic chain and the...

It neutralises acid in the stomach and allows bacteria to damage the stomach epithelium.

Phase I- The drug must be tested on animals and tissue culturesPhase II - The drug is tested on healthy volunteers in small dosesPhases III- The drug is tested on sick patients in small dosesSmall doses a...

Oxidative phosphorylation requires the electron carrier system; comprised of four protein complexes (complexes I - IV) as well as the enzyme ATPase. These are intrinsic enzymes that line the inner mitocho...