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-DNA and RNA are very similar in their molecular structure. Both of them are formed by smaller units called nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed by 3 parts: a sugar group, a phosphate group and a nitroge...

Increasing temperature gives more kinetic energy to both enzyme and substrate so they move more and with more energy. They can then collide more frequently allow more binding so the rate of reaction incre...

Acetylation: addition of an acetyl group to a histone molecule. Forces DNA strands apart, allowing easier access for RNA polymerase for transcription. Therefore increases expression of target gene(s) due ...

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules i.e. they have a hydrophilic (“water-loving”), polar head end, and a hydrophobic (“water-fearing”), nonpolar tail end (1 mark). The major phospholipids in most anim...