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A mutation in the viral RNA results in a change in the RNA base sequences. This can result in a change in the amino acid sequence during translation. This then changes the position of intramolecular bonds...

Cancer is a disease that occurs when cells get random changes in their genes, leading to them no longer being able to control how they grow and divide. This means the cancer cells grow and divide a lot qu...

There are four main electron carrier protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial complex, which use the energy from the transfer of electrons to pump H+ into the intermembrane space, this is known as the...

When an action potential reaches a presynaptic cell, it causes voltage-gated ion channels in the membrane to open, which allows Ca2+ to enter the cell. This Ca2+ diffuses into the cell from high to low co...

Diffusion is a passive process, this means that no energy is required, where there is a net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down the concentration ...