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Receptors in the skin which are sensitive to changes in pain, pressure and temperature detect a change in one of these factors. This acts as the stimulus for the reflex response. This stimulus triggers an...

An electrical impulse arrives at the synaptic knob in the pre-synaptic neuron. This causes the voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open and calcium ions will diffuse into the synaptic knob, down the con...

When a substance that is found that could be potentially useful for treating a disease, it can be developed into a drug. The drug then needs to be tested to check for safety, efectiveness and dosage. The ...

Cells under attack release histamine --> attracts macrophagesMacrophage engulfs pathogen into a phagocytic vacuole by phagocytosisMacrophage carries o...

Atherosclerosis is a build up of fat deposits in large and medium sized arteries. This causes narrowing of the blood vessels and can lead to cardiovascular disease. If a plaque ruptures it can cause occlu...