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The hypothalamus is the processing centre in the brain that controls body temperature (constant temperature of 37ºC approx.). It triggers changes to effectors, such as sweat glands and muscles controlling...

Eutrophication is an enrichment of water by nutrient salts that causes structural changes to the ecosystem such as: increased production of algae and aquatic plants (algal blooms), depletion of fish speci...

An electrical impulse (action potential) travels along the axon of the pre-synaptic neuron. This causes the neuron to release chemical neurotransmitters which diffuse through the synaptic cleft and bind t...

The tertiary structure of a protein is the final folding of a protein into its final shape. It involves interactions between the R-groups of the amino-acids in the polypeptide chain. These interactions ar...

Photosystems sit in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. There job is to capture light energy and convert it into energy that can be used by the plant to eventually create ATP. Photosystems are made up...