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The key thing here is to note that both diffusion and osmosis are passive processes, and active transport is an active process. A passive process is one which does not require any energy in order to occur...

Photosynthesis has four stages:

1. Glycolysis. 

2. The Link Reaction.

3. The Krebs Cycle. 

4. Oxidative Phosphorylation...

Individuals within a population show a wide range of variation due to differences in their genes. The individuals within these species/populations with the characteristics most suited to their environment...

Glycolysis - 2 ATPs (net) are produced. 2 are input into the reaction and 4 are produced as a result.

An enzyme is a biological catalyst. It is a protein with an active site that binds to a substrate to accelerate a chemical reaction.