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The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence which is determined by the base sequence of the gene which codes for the protein. Secondary structures include alpha-helicies and beta-pleated...

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is an example of natural selection. In a population of bacteria there may be some individuals that are not affected by the antibiotic. This may be due to random changes...

"Degenerate" refers to redundancy in the genetic code. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, are encoded by codons of three nucleotide bases. Some amino acids are encoded by more than on...

1. Break down involves a single reaction (speed)
2. Energy is released in small, manageable amounts.
3. Soluble

Meiosis - cell division to form gametes (sex cells), each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes than in a normal cell. Mitosis - division of body cells during normal growth, each cell contains a ...