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A peptide is usually a short sequence of amino acids. Proteins are much larger structures, also comprised of amino acids, but having different levels of organisation such as forming secondary, tertiary an...

Charged or polar molecules such as salts, sugars and amino acids dissolve readily in water and so are called hydrophilic ("water loving"). Uncharged or non-polar molecules such as lipids do not ...

Respiration is the break down of molecules in living cells to release energy. Most commonly glucose (a sugar molecule) is broken down to release energy. Aerobic respiration occurs in animal cells and plan...

Imagine DNA to be two strings that are twisted together. In order to separate them, particular enzymes should be used. Firstly, helicase unwinds and unzips the helix at place called replication fork. More...

The heart is made up of four chambers; the left atria, left ventricle, right atria and the right ventricle. The cardiac cycle is made up of repeating phases of systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxati...