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A carbohydrate is a long molecule made up of lots of individual units called monosaccharides. These units are sugars, including glucose, fructose and lactose.

When two of these units are ...

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration (down a concentration gradient). This occurs because the particles move randomly, and eventually end up ev...

A concentration gradient occurs when you have a solute, like salt, dissolved in a solution, like water. Most of the time there won't be the same amount of salt through out all of the water - there will...

If both parents are heterozygous (xX) and the blue allele (x) is recessive to the dominant brown allele (X), the offpring has a 1/4 chance of getting homozygous recessive alleles (xx).

If...

Proteins are polymers of amino acids, formed by long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. These bonds are formed by condensation reactions which allow two single amino acid molecules...