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What is the second line of defence?

Before we start let’s re-cap some key terminology:

-pathogen: a microorganism causing disease or illness to its host

As suggested by the name, the light-independent reaction occurs without the precence of light. To start, carbon dioxide combines with ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to produce two molecules of glycerate...

The active site of an enzyme is the place on the enzyme molecule where the substrate (the substance which participates in the reaction catalysed by the enzyme) normally binds. Competitive inhibitors slow ...

In order to understand cross bridge cycling and its importance in muscle contraction, you need to be familiar with the ‘contractile machinery’ that causes muscle contraction and the sliding filament theor...

Blood glucose homeostasis involves maintaining the levels of blood glucose within a very narrow limit around a set point (90mg 100cm-3). This is done via hormonal regulation. On one hand, insulin which is...