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Alveoli are small sacs at the end of the terminal branches of the lung (the brochioles). It is at the alveoli where gas exchange takes place - oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide is removed. Th...

Homeostasis is defined as the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the body. 

An example of this would be the blood glucose level:

After a meal, a person's bloo...

Spread of mutations via vertical and horizontal transmission

Once a bacterium has a mutation that provides resistance to an antibiotic, it can spread through replication or through...