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Waves are a way that energy is transferred from one place to another. There are two main types of wave, Transverse and Longitudinal. In both types of wave, energy is transferred in one di...

Work done (joules) = Force (newtons) x distance moved in direction of the force (metres)

Work done = 10 x 2 = 20J

All that is meant by an 'excited' atom is that one or more of the atoms electrons in it's shells, are then excited into shells that are in higher energy states that they were in before.

F...

At short distances between the nucleons at roughly 3 femtometers or so, the strong nuclear force between two nucleons begins to overcome the electrostatic repulsion (if both or one nucleon is a proton)...

There are 3 different outcomes for the fate of our universe:if the average density is smaller than what is known as the critical value, then the universe will carry on expanding fo...