What is the impact of a price ceiling on a market equilibrium?

Define a price ceiling as a maximum price that a seller is allowed to charge for a good or service. Examples include rent controls and medication.Assume that we are currently at an equilibrium where p=p* and q=q*. If pm (the maximum price) is above p* there is no equilibrium changes. However if pm<p* then there is excess demand. Supply contracts to a new equilibrium where qd>q*>qs. This is elementary to show on a simple supply/demand diagram. The original equilibrium is where the supply and demand curves cross. The price ceiling can be visualised by a horizontal line beneath the original price equilibrium. qd and qs can be visualised by intersection with the price ceiling and the demand and supply curve, respectively. The excess demand is the difference between qd and qs.The greater PES and PED the greater the excess demand.

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Answered by Balram S. Economics tutor

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