Explaining how capacitors work

Capacitors work through the build up of current on their two opposing plates. Current in the form of negatively charged electrons builds up on one plate which in turn repels electrons on the other plate making in positively charged. The 2 opposing oppositely charged plates create a potential difference and energy is stored. This energy can be released b discharging the capacitor. Capacitors are similar in concept to batteries in that they store electrical energy to be used later, however, although they can charge and discharge very quickly, they store a lot less energy which is a big area of research today in finding ways to change properties of capacitors to store more energy whilst retaining their fast charge/discharge capabilities.