What is transpiration and what factors affect its rate of occurrence? Describe some adaptations of xerophytic plant that reduce water loss via transpiration.

Transpiration is the evaporation of water through open stomata, occurring down the water potential gradient.Factors affecting the rate of transpiration:Light intensity - more stomata will be open to take in CO2 for photosynthesis.Temperature - at higher temperatures water particles will have more energy so the rate of diffusion/evaporation will be greater.Humidity - the lower the humidity, the faster the rate of transpiration because the water potential gradient will be larger.Wind - the more windy the conditions, the faster the rate of transpiration because there will be a greater movement of water particles in the air which will maintain a steeper water potential gradient.Adaptations of xerophytic plants:Sunken stomata - traps water vapour, reducing the concentration gradient of water between the leaf and the air and, therefore, reduces the rate of diffusion (as rate is dependent on size of conc. gradient). Epidermial hairs- also trap water vapour.Curled leaves - traps water vapour and protects the stomata from the wind as reduced airflow helps to maintain a low concentration gradient of water between the leaf and air. Reduced number of stomata - few holes for water to evaporate from. Thick, waxy cuticle on the leaf and stem surface to reduce evaporation through the epidermis.

JT
Answered by Jessica T. Biology tutor

11344 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

How does glycogen act as a source of energy?


What is a Pacinian corpuscle and how does it work?


The Pacinian corpuscle senses changes in pressure in the skin. Explain how pressure causes the cell to change its membrane potential to elicit a nerve response.


Person A and person B both eat the same high glucose meal. Person A's insulin rises dramatically while Person B's does not. Explain a possible reason why and describe what happens to the glucose once it enters their blood streams.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2025

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy
Cookie Preferences