Explain how meanders are formed (6 marks)

Meanders are formed in the middle course of a river. As the river gains more velocity, the water is pushed to the outside of the river causing more erosion on the outside bend, which forms a steep river cliff. This is achieved through processes like hydraulic action and abrasion. Water on the inside of the bend of the river has a lower velocity because there is more friction. Therefore, the water starts to deposit eroded materials like sand and shingle, consequently creating a slip off slope.